The primary purpose of scientific theories is to synthesize a body of evidence or observations regarding any particular phenomenon or occurrence. It can be anything from a grander, testable statement about how nature came into being to how it works and how things will shape in the long run. It is essential to know that we cannot reduce a scientific theory to a pithy statement or equation, but it has some crucial or base information about things work and what might be the reason behind them.
The laws, as well as the theories, depend on the basic elements of the scientific method. It includes coming up with a hypothesis, testing that evidence or statement and finding or even not finding the pragmatic evidence, and at last, drawing a conclusion. The other scientists or researchers must also be able to do the same, check out the results, and see if the experiment can become the basis for a widely accepted and recognized law or theory.
Revolutionary scientific theories predict things that we do not know or understand. The scientists work hard, test these predictions or statements, and see if they work out; if they work out, they become accepted theories. These theories record old knowledge into a new framework, and with them, it becomes possible to solve problems that continue to amaze us with their questions. Experts of assignment writing services have discussed here some of the top revolutionary scientific theories that one must know and understand when living in this world:
- Information Theory: Claude Shannon, 1948
Shannon certainly was the one who provided the mathematical foundation that made way for many other revolutionary developments involving electronic communication and computer science. Without information theory by Shannon, we would still be using bits for drills.
- Game theory: John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern, 1944 (With Significant Additions by John Nash in the 1950s)
This theory was initially developed for economics where it was successful, but it was unable to completely revolutionize the field. Later, it was adopted by many other fields of sciences and became the most important branch of the study of evolutionary biology. It can even be applied to daily activities like poker, football, and negotiating for higher pay for bloggers.
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- Oxygen theory of combustion: Antoine Lavoisier, 1770s
Lavoisier cannot be accredited for discovering oxygen, but he determined that it was the gas that combined with substances as they burned. He was the one who paved the way for the development of modern chemistry, and it helped numerous scientists and their discoveries in later ages.
- Plate tectonics: Alfred Wegener, 1912; J. Tuzo Wilson, 1960s
During 1921, Wegener had made out that continents had drifted, but his theory did not gain much importance at that time. It was actually in 1960 that scientists were able to analyze the pieces of his theories into a comprehensive theory relating to plate tectonics.
- Statistical Mechanics: James Clerk Maxwell, Ludwig Boltzmann, J. Willard Gibbs, Late 19th Century
These scientists were able to explain heat in terms of the statistical behavior of atoms and molecules, statistical mechanics and made sense of thermodynamics as well as also provided strong evidence for the reality of atoms. They also established the role of probabilistic math in the physical sciences that are nowadays applied to everything from material sciences to magnets and even voting behavior and game theory.
- Special relativity: Albert Einstein, 1905
This revolutionary theory was not considered very revolutionary as it contained a lot of classical physics but, it became very popular as it merged with space with time and matter with energy. It was the bases of this theory that lead to the making of atom bombs and helped scientists deduce that the aging process slowed down in the spaceflight.
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- General Relativity: Einstein, 1915
This theory by Einstein was much more revolutionary as it did away with newton’s law of gravity and bought forward the curved space-time. It also went on to open the eyes of scientists, and they were able to see the whole history of the expanding university and provided sicca fiction writers with the theory of black hole.
- Evolution by Natural Selection: Charles Darwin, 1859
With his theory, Darwin proved how intricate and complex the life processes are; how the relationships among the various forms of life have survived the natural processes without any aid from outside. His theory opened the human mind and persuaded it to focus on natural sciences without any influence from supernatural powers. These top revolutionary theories made a breakthrough in science and changed the way scientists and researchers viewed things. Knowing these theories can help science students better understand the mechanics of this universe and how things have been developing since the beginning of times.
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